Some people during middle ages believed that the werewolf was the projection of a demon, which made its victims appear as a wolf in his own eyes and to those around him. For others, the werewolf was a direct manifestation of the Devil. Some said that the Devil could confuse the sleeper's imagination to such an extent that he believes he had really been a wolf and had run about and killed men and beasts. Robert Burton, the clergyman and scholar, considered lycanthrope to be a form of madness as mentioned in his book Anatomy of Melancholy in 1621; he blamed every thing from sorcerers and witches to poor diet, bad air, sleeplessness and even lack of exercise for this.
The diet of medieval peasants may have been a source of werewolf delusions. Ergot infection on food grains like wheat and rye was common in Europe during the middle ages. This is actually a fungus, which grows in place of grains in wet seasons after very cold winters. Alkaline parts of this fungus are chemically related to LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide), a strong hallucinogenic psychoactive drug, which produces dreamlike, changes in mood and thought and alters the perception of time and space. It can create lack of self-control, extreme terror and blurring the feeling between the individual and the environment. The victims may have horrible visions of being attacked by tigers and snakes and of turning into beasts.
So, what actually is werewolf or lycanthropy? Though many ingenious hypotheses have been suggested as possible explanations, definite conclusion can't be drawn. Some experts have tried to observe it as purely supernatural phenomena while others have relied on scientific observations. Contradictions and debates still persist and will continue till any single theory solves the jigsaw, which seems unlikely considering complexity and diversity of the topic.
“RocknRolla” hits the screen running and rarely slows down. The gangsters of modern-day London are shooting holes in each other and breaking each other's legs over real estate and a prized painting that figures prominently in the plot.
Old-school mobster Lenny Cole (Tom Wilkinson) runs things, aided by his loyal lieutenant, Archy (Mark Strong).
Times are changing in old London town, though. The Russian mob, led by billionaire Uri Obomavich (Karel Roden) wants a cut of the action.
On a lower level of hoodlum hierarchy, small-time crook One Two (Gerard Butler) and his pal Mumbles (Idris Elba) want in on the action as well. They provide the muscle when a sexy accountant played by Thandie Newton wants a cut from both sides of the gangland warpath.
Although Ritchie offers his fans nothing new in the movie, he delivers an amusing story. Personally, I was not swept away by RocknRolla, but the movie marks a welcome return for Guy Ritchie who has finally come to terms that it is pretty retarded to make movies about prehistoric pop divas (read: Madonna). Here is to hoping that the sequel to RocknRolla rocks harder.
The movie begins under unlikely circumstances, and then spirals into fantastical and grotesque world. The police are viciously interrogating Jamal (Dev Patel) an eighteen year old who is on the verge of winning the jackpot on India's version of the TV quiz 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?' and nobody believes a barely educated kid from the slums of Mumbai could ever have got this far without cheating. So he takes his skeptical inquisitor (Irrfan Khan) through each of the questions he has answered correctly, and in doing so, the film recounts the story of Jamal's life from rags to rupees millions of them, possibly.
Artfully constructed by screenwriter Simon Beaufoy, the movie operates in a triangle: the televised duel between Jamal and the patronizing quizmaster (Anil Kapoor), the police interview room, and the tragicomic episodes of a slum dog's life.Slumdog Millionaire does not lack humor.
It is fast-paced, well edited into shape and with just enough hard-nosed reality to make at least some sense of the fantasy. But then fantasy is what this is, and, despite the fierce and truthful-looking role of of Irrfan Khan as the police inspector charged with extracting the truth from Jamal, the film is ultimately lacking in a resonance that would make us think rather than simply laugh and possibly cry.
It seems entirely appropriate that it should end with a silly Bollywood dance that sends all seriousness right out of the window.